Linking Microcomputers to Share Educational Data. Evaluation Guides. Guide Number 21 / Dennis Deck and Merilyn Coe.

Designed for educational evaluators, this paper discusses reasons for the growing concern with linking or interfacing computers for information sharing; compares three major approaches to linking; and discusses the implications of each. An initial overview presents three linking applications in educational evaluation: (1) linking microcomputers with mainframes for data analysis; (2) data collection; and (3) distribution of instructional information systems. Scenarios are also provided which illustrate each of the three applications. The three major technical approaches to linking microcomputers with mainframes or each other are then described--exchanging electronic media (floppy disk exchange); telecommunications linkages, including asynchronous and synchronous connections; and linking products (software packages). Examples and implications of each approach are discussed, including their advantages and disadvantages. Alternatives to shared access to a large database, such as local area networks and multi-user microcomputers, are also described, and their advantages and disadvantages outlined. Finally, the problems of coordination and system design are addressed; it is noted that finding solutions to linking problems takes time and experimentation, and that computer resources cannot be maximized without user acceptance. The latter necessitates the involvement of users in each stage of the planning, design, and testing of the application. Six examples of evaluation linking applications that are being implemented conclude the document, and a list of references is provided. (JB)

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