James Buchanan, President of the United States of America, to all and singular to whom these presents shall come, greeting : whereas a treaty was made and concluded at the treaty ground, at Hell Gate, in the Bitter Root Valley, on the sixteenth day of July, eighteen hundred and fifty-five, between Isaac I. Stevens, Governor and Superintendent of Indian Affairs for the Territory of Washington, on the part of the United States, and the hereinafter named chiefs, headmen and delegates of the confederated tribes of the Flatheads, Kootenay, and Upper Pend d'Oreilles Indians, on behalf of and acting for said confederated tribes ...